Reed-organ



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. W. TRAINER.

REED ORGAN.

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gmmbiu 2 sheets-sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J., W. TRAINER. REED ORGAN.

N0. 519,361. Patented May a, 1894.

UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE,

JOHN W. TRAINER, OF FORT WVAYNE, INDIANA.

REED-ORGAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 519,361, dated May 8,1894.

Application filed July 8,1893.

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN W. TRAINER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Fort WVayne, in the county of Allen and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reed-Organs; and Ido declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in reed organs, and it has for itsgeneral object to provide a double manual, reed organ embodying such anaction that the foot pedals or base levers may be utilized to operatethe valves of the sub-bass group or groups of reeds either alone ortogether with the valves of the group or groups of reeds of the firstmanual, or together" with the valves of the groups of reeds of the firstand second manuals; and the keys of the first manual may be utilized tooperate the valves of their group or groups of reeds either alone ortogether with the valves of the group or groups of reeds of the secondmanual, or together with the valves of the sub-bass group of reeds, ortogether with the valves of both sub-bass and second manual groups ofreeds, as desirable.

Another object of the invention is to provide a seat or surface for thereed controlling valves, which will not be liable to be affected byatmospheric conditions and which will consequently not be warped so asto cause the valves to rest unevenly.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be fully understoodfrom the following description and claims when taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1,is avertical, transversesection of so much of a reed organ as is necessary to illustrate myinvention; such section being taken at the bass end of the organ. Fig.2, is an enlarged, transverse section of a bank or group comprising aseries of three reed boards. Fig. 3, is a detail view illustrating thepositions of the adjustable fulcrums with respect to the coupling leverswhen it is desired to utilize the pedals or bass levers to operate thevalves of the first manual, or.the

' valves of the first and second manuals. Fig.

Serial No. 479.949- (No model.)

4:, is a detail view illustrating the position of the adjustable fulcrumof the manual levers with respect to said levers, when it is desired tooperate the valves of the second manual by the first manual and when itis desired to operate the valves of the first and second manuals by thepedal or bass levers. Fig. 5, is a detail view illustrating the positionof the adjustable fulcrums with respect to the coupling levers when itis desired to operate the valves of the sub -bass group of reeds withthe keys of the first or lower manual, and Fig. 6, is a detail viewshowing the positions of the adjustable fulcrums when the pedals or footlevers and the keys of the first manual are employed independently.

In the said drawings, similar letters designate corresponding partsthroughout the several views, referring to which A, indicates the baseboard, having an air passage a, to connect the interior of the casing B,and the bellows and exhaust chamber (not illustrated), and C, D,indicate the keys of the upper and lower manuals, respectively, whichkeys are pivoted at their inner ends upon the studs as b, and are guidedadjacent to their outer ends upon pins b, rising from the boards 0, inthe ordinary or any approved manner. The keys D, of the second or uppermanual which are designed to operate the valves E, of the two uppergroups or banks of reeds, are provided, as shown, with dependingpusher-rods d, which carry collars or buttons 6, designed to engage anddepress the inner ends of the levers f. These levers f, which 1- termkey levers are fulcrumed at an intermediate point, upon a rail orsupport as g, and they have their inner ends adapted to engage thecollars h, of the rods '5, which rods engage the valves E, as shown,whereby it will be seen that when the keys are depressed, the valveswill be raised so as to admit air to the reed cells and cause them tospeak. The keys 0, of the first or lower manual, are provided withdepending pusher rods as j; and they are designed to operate the valvesF, of the two lower banks or groups of reeds through the medium of thesaid rods j, the collars 70, thereof, the key lever Z, which isfulcrumed at an intermediate point in its length, and the rod m, whichengages the valves F, and

bears upon the weight end of the lever L, as shown. In some cases it isdesirable to operate the valves E, F, of the several groups or banks ofreeds by a single manual of keys, and I have therefore provided what Iterm the manual levers G, and the adjustable fulcrum II. The manuallevers G, engage the adjustable collars or buttons h, on the pusher rodst', and the collars 19, upon the rods j, and they rest and ordinarilyhave their fulcrum upon a rail or support 0, whereby it will beseen'that they are normally idlers and do not serve" any function. Whenhowever, it is desired to transmit motion from the first manual keys tothe pusher rods 1', of the valves E, E, the adjustable fulcrum H, whichis supported and operated in any approved manner, is moved into theposition shown in Figs. 1, and t, so as to change the levers G, toelementary levers or levers of the first class, and enable them to liftthe rods 2', when their outer or power ends are depressed. Thus it willbe seen thatthe lower manual keys may be utilized to operate the valvesE, in addition to the valves F, which is an important desid eratum. Ifthe inner ends of the manual levers are too high or'too low when thefulcrum II, is placed in engagement with the same, said ends may bereadily raised or low ered by moving the buttons 77/ (which arepreferably screw-threaded) up or down.

I, indicates the valves of the sub bass group or bank of reeds, and q,indicates the rods which engage and are designed to trans mit motion tosaid valves as will be presently described. These rods q, are providedwith collars r, s, and they have their lower ends passed through asuitable guide 25, so as to enable them to engage the rods 92, which areprovided with collars 'u, and engage the pedals or bass levers as shown.By this construction it will be perceived that the valves I, may beraised to admit air to the reed cells of the sub-bass group or bank bydepressing the forward ends of the levers J, and it will also beperceived that when the rods q, are moved upwardly through the medium ofmechanism other than the lever J, and rod n, (as will be presentlydescribed,) the unnecessary movement of said lever J, and rod n, isobviated and the movement of the rod q, and the valves is consequentlyrendered easier.

I prefer for the reason above stated to employ the two rods 1, 77.,intermediate of the levers J, and valves I, but I do not desire to beunderstood as confining myself to the employment of such rods as asingle pusher rod would serve to transmit motion from a lever to itsvalve.

K, indicates what I term coupling levers, which engage the rods q,between the collars r, s, and the rods j, of thelower manual keys 0,between the collars y, These levers K, are normally idlers; and when thevalves I, of the sub-bass group or bank of reeds are operated by thepedals or bass levers J, they have their fulcrums upon the rods j,between the collars y, z, and when the keys (J, of the first or lowermanual are employed to operate the valves F, alone or together with thevalves E, they have their fulcrums upon the rods q, between the collarsr, s. In other words the coupling levers K, will normally move with therods j, and q, alternately, without effecting a transmission of motionfrom one to the other, and they will consequently not interfere with theindependent operation of the valves 1, and the valves F, or E, and F.Now when it is desired to transmit motion from the rods q, to the rodsj, so as to operate the valves F, or the valves E, and F, by the pedalsor bass levers J, it is necessary to change the levers K, to levers ofthe first class or kind and have the fulcrum above the said levers;andwhen it is desired to transmit motion from the rodsj, to the rods q,so as to operate the valves I, by the lower manual keys 0, it is alsonecessary to change the levers K, to lovers of the first class or kindand have the fulcrum below the same. To these ends I have provided theadjustable fulcru ms L, M, one of which is arranged above and the otherbelow the levers as shown. These fulcrums L, M, may be supported,adjusted, and held in their adjusted position in any approved manner,and they are operated as follows, viz: When it is desired to operate thevalves I, by the levers J, alone, and the valves F, or the valves E, F,by the keys 0, alone, the fulcrums L, M, are thrown and held away fromthe levers K, as shown in Fig. 6, so as to allow a free idle movement ofthe said levers. When it is desired however to utilize the pedals orlevers J, to operate the valves F, or the valves E, and F, in additionto the valves J, the fulcrum L, is moved into the position shown in Fig.3, so that when the forward ends of the levers are raised by the rods q,the rear ends thereof will be swung downwardly so as to depress therodsj, and raise the valves 1*, or the valves E, and F, according to theposition of the fulcrum l-I. \Vhen it is desired to change the operationof the levers K, so as to enable the performer to operate the valves I,by the keys 0, the fulcrum L, is moved away from the levers, and thefulcrum M, is moved into engagement therewith as shown in Fig. 5. Thusit will be seen that when the keys 0, are depressed the rear end of thelovers will be swung downwardly and their forward ends will be raisedsoas elevate the rods q, and lift the valves I, off their seats. At thispoint it is well to mention that by reason of two rods q, n, beingemployed intermediate of the levers J, and valves I, as beforedescribed, the objectionable necessity of the performer moving thelevers J, when the valves 1, are operated by the keys 0, is obviated,which is an important advantage as is obvious. All of the adj ustablefulcrums H, L, and M, are, by preference, of a general triangular formin cross ICC section so as to presenta knife edge fulcrum to the leversG, K, and they are hinged or pivoted to suitable fixed supports so thatthey may be swung entirely out of engagement with their respectivelevers when desired.

N, P, indicate a series of reed boards having reed cells which arepreferably of the shape shown although they may be of any approvedshape. These reed or cell boards are arranged in groups or series of twoor more, with the open ends of the reed cells in such position that asingle flat valve may be employed to control one cell in each boardcomprised in the series.

The present embodiment of my invention, comprises four groups, each ofwhich may have any approved number of reed boards which preferablyextend through the sounding boards Q, as disclosed in my Letters PatentNo. 472,201, so as to admit of the employment of a single valve to closethe'open ends of a transverse series of reed cells and afford a seat forsaid valve.

Each of the reed cells has at its inner end an air opening through itsinner wall as indicated at 1, and 2, which openings communicate with theslots 3, which are cut at the points of the reeds, and are controlled bymutes 4, which are arranged lengthwise of the board. The slots 3, extendthe fulllength of the board and have their base and treble ends closed,whereby it will be seen thatwhen the mutes are closed over the slotsthey are perfectly air tight.

T, U, indicate the sub-bass reed boards, which are preferably arrangedin the upper part of the organ and are designed to be controlled by thevalves I, before described.

In Fig. 2, of the drawings,I have illustrated a bank of reeds whichembodies the same construction as those shown in Fig. 1, but whichcomprises three boards N, P, and R; the board N, being a four footscale, the board P, an eight foot scale, and the board R,asixteen footscale.

With the construction described it will be seen that when it is desiredto give voice to any set or scale of reeds, for instance the four footset or scale (which derives its name from the fact that itslowest F,corresponds in pitch to that of an open organ pipe four feet long), itis simply necessary to open the mute under the said set, so as to permita passage of air through any reed cell that is beneath the valve opened.

The reed boards comprised in the several groups or banks are cut withthe grain of the wood so as to afford an end wood surface to seat thevalves, or in other words the boards are so formed that the direction ofthe length of the grain will be approximately at right angles to thevalve to be seated.

I have found by practical experiments that when the reed boards are outwith the grain of the wood, they will not warp or be otherwise affectedby atmospheric conditions, and

they will consequent-1y afford a permanent, even seat for the valves, soas to keep the same straight which is a highly important advantage inorgans and the like.

In the foregoing description, I have entered into a specific anddetailed description of some of the elements of my improved organ inorder to impart a full and clear understanding of the same, but I do notdesire to be understood as confining myself to the spe cificconstruction of such elements, as such changes or modification may bemadeinpractioe as fairly fall within the scope of my invention. I alsodo not desire to be understood as confining myself to the specificarrangement of parts hereindisclosed, nor do I desire to be understoodas confining myself to the use of my improved double manual action inconjunction with the arrangement or construction of reed boardsdisclosed.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s

1. In a reed board cut or formed with orin the direction ofthe grain inthe wood so as to afford an end grain surface to seat a valve,substantially as specified.

2. A reed board having a longitudinal slot communicating with itsreed-cells and having its ends closed, in combination with a muteadapted to cover and'close said slot, substantially as specified.

3. The combination with a set of valves, a manual of keys, and a set ofnormally idle levers intermediate of the keys and valves;

of a fulcrum pivotally connected to a stationary support and having anadjustment with respect to said normally idle levers, whereby it may beswung into engagement with the same to change them from idlers toelementary levers or levers of the first class, substantially as-and forthe purpose set forth.

4. The combination with a set of valves as E, pusher rods as i, engagingsaid valves and having collars, a manual of keys D, for operating saidvalves and mechanism intermediate ofsaid keys D, and the pusher rods 2';of another manual of keys 0, pusher rods disposed below the keys 0, andhaving collars as p, a set of normally idle levers intermediate of thepusher rods of the valves E, and the pusher rods of the keys C, andengaging the collars of said pusher rods, and an adjustable or movablefulcrum adapted to be placed in engagement with said levers,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination with a'set of valves E, rods 2', engaging the sameand having collars, a set of valves F, and rods M, engaging the same; ofa manual of keys D, levers intermediate of said keys and the rods 2', amanual of keys 0, pusher rods disposed beneath the keys 0, and havingcollars as p, levers Z, intermediate of the keys 0, and the rods M, aset of normally idle levers intermediate of the pusher rods of the keysG, and the pusher IIO rods 11, and resting in engagement with thecollars on said pusher rods, and an adjustable or movable fulcrumadapted to be placed in engagement with said normally idle levers,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination with a valve, a key and a normally idle couplinglever intermediate of the key and valve; of fulcrums pivotally connectedto stationary supports and arranged above and below the coupling lever,and having an adjustment with respect to said coupling lever,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination with a valve, a key and a normally idle couplinglever intermediate of the key and valve; of the adjustable or movablefulcrums of triangular form in cross section, pivotally connected tostationary supports above and below the said lever, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

8. The combination with a set of valves F, rods m, engaging the same, amanual of keys having thrust pins or rods j, mechanism intermediate ofthe pins or rods j, and the rods m, a set of valves 1, rods q, engagingsaid valves, pedal or foot levers adapted to move the rods q, andoperate their valves, and normally idle levers engaging and connectingthe rodsj, and q; of an adjustable or movable fulcrum adapted to beplaced in engagement with the said normally idle levers, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination with a set of valves 1; of pedal or foot levers, therods n, engaging the pedal or foot levers, and the rods q, engaging thevalves I, and bearing loosely upon the ends ofthe rods 01, and adaptedto move independently of said rods n, substantially as and for saidpurpose set forth.

10. The combination with a set of valves 1; of pedal or foot levers, therods n, engaging the pedal or foot levers and carrying guides as t, attheir upper ends, and the rods q, engagingthe valves I, and takingloosely through the guides 15, and bearing upon the ends of the rods a,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

ll. The combination with a set of valves I, pedals or foot levers, rodsas q, intermediate of the lovers and valves and having collars r, s; ofa manual of keys C, thrust pins or rods disposed beneath said keys andprovided with collars y, z, a set of valves F, mechanism intermediate ofthe thrust pins or rods andthe valves F, normally idle levers arrangedintermediate of the thrust pins or rods of the keys 0, and the rods q,and resting between the collars y, z, of the former and the collars r,s, of the latter, and fulcrums arranged above and below the saidnormally idle levers, all substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

12. The combination with a set of valves, rods 2', engaging the same,buttons or collars h, adjustably mounted on the rods 1', a manual ofkeys 0, rods 7', depending from said keys and having buttons 19, and aset of normally idle levers intermediate of the rods 3', and the rods t,of an adjustable fulcrum adapted to be placed in engagement with saidnormally idle levers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination with a set of valves, rods 7;, engaging the same, amanual of keys 0, rods j, depending from said keys and having buttons1), and a set of levers intermediate of the rodsjand the rods 2', ofbuttons h, adj ustably mounted upon the rods 2', and adapted to engagethe levers, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14:. The combination with a set of valves as I, pedal levers as J, rodsas q, intermediate of the pedal levers and valves I, valves as F, amanual of keys as 0, having depending rods as j, and mechanismintermediate of the manual of keys and the valves F; of normally idlecoupling levers intermediate of the rodsj, and q, and adjustable ormovable fulcrums arranged above and belowsaid coupling levers, allsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN W. TRAINER.

WVitnesses:

P. BECK, HENRY C. HANNA.

